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Q2.6-4E

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Found in: Page 76

### Fundamentals Of Differential Equations And Boundary Value Problems

Book edition 9th
Author(s) R. Kent Nagle, Edward B. Saff, Arthur David Snider
Pages 616 pages
ISBN 9780321977069

# In problems 1-8 identify (do not solve) the equation as homogeneous, Bernoulli, linear coefficients, or of the form ${{\mathbf{y}}}^{{\mathbf{\text{'}}}}{\mathbf{=}}{\mathbf{G}}\left(\mathrm{ax}+\mathrm{by}\right)$. $\left(t+x+2\right){\mathbf{dx}}{\mathbf{+}}\left(3t-x-6\right){\mathbf{dt}}{\mathbf{=}}{\mathbf{0}}$

The given equation is the form of linear coefficients.

See the step by step solution

## General form of homogeneous, Bernoulli, linear coefficients of the form of y'=Gax+by

• Homogeneous equation

If the right-hand side of the equation $\frac{dy}{dx}=f\left(x,y\right)$can be expressed as a function of the ratio $\frac{y}{x}$alone, then we say the equation is homogeneous.

Equations of the form $\frac{dy}{dx}=G\left(ax+by\right)$

When the right-hand side of the equation $\frac{dy}{dx}=f\left(x,y\right)$can be expressed as a function of the combination $ax+by$, where a and b are constants, that is, $\frac{dy}{dx}=G\left(ax+by\right)$ then the substitution $z=ax+by$ transforms the equation into a separable one.

• Bernoulli’s equation

A first-order equation that can be written in the form $\frac{dy}{dx}+P\left(x\right)y=Q\left(x\right){y}^{n}$, where P(x) and Q(x) are continuous on an interval (a,b) and n is a real number, is called a Bernoulli equation.

• Equation of Linear coefficients

We have used various substitutions for y to transform the original equation into a new equation that we could solve. In some cases, we must transform both x and y into new variables, say u and v. This is the situation for equations with linear coefficients-that is, equations of the form

$\left({a}_{1}x+{b}_{1}y+{c}_{1}\right)dx+\left({a}_{2}x+{b}_{2}y+{c}_{2}\right)dy=0$

## Evaluate the given equation

Given,

By evaluating

$\left(t+x+2\right)dx+\left(3t-x-6\right)dt=0$

Since,

The given equation satisfies ${a}_{1}{b}_{2},{a}_{2}{b}_{1}$

Therefore, the given equation is the form of a linear coefficient.