Book edition 5th

Author(s) David C. Lay, Steven R. Lay and Judi J. McDonald

Pages 483 pages

ISBN 978-03219822384

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12

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Let ${{\bf{a}}_1}$ ${{\bf{a}}_2}$, and b be the vectors in ${\mathbb{R}^{\bf{2}}}$ shown in the figure, and let $A = \left( {\begin{aligned}{*{20}{c}}{{{\bf{a}}_1}}&{{{\bf{a}}_2}}\end{aligned}} \right)$. Does the equation $A{\bf{x}} = {\bf{b}}$ have a solution? If so, is the solution unique? Explain.

In Exercise 23 and 24, make each statement True or False. Justify each answer.

24.

a. Any list of five real numbers is a vector in ${\mathbb{R}^5}$.

b. The vector ${\mathop{\rm u}\nolimits} $ results when a vector ${\mathop{\rm u}\nolimits} - v$ is added to the vector ${\mathop{\rm v}\nolimits} $.

c. The weights ${{\mathop{\rm c}\nolimits} _1},...,{c_p}$ in a linear combination ${c_1}{v_1} + \cdot \cdot \cdot + {c_p}{v_p}$ cannot all be zero.

d. When are ${\mathop{\rm u}\nolimits} $ nonzero vectors, Span $\left\{ {u,v} \right\}$ contains the line through ${\mathop{\rm u}\nolimits} $ and the origin.

e. Asking whether the linear system corresponding to an augmented matrix $\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{1}}}}&{{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{2}}}}&{{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{3}}}}&{\rm{b}}\end{array}} \right]$ has a solution amounts to asking whether ${\mathop{\rm b}\nolimits} $ is in Span$\left\{ {{a_1},{a_2},{a_3}} \right\}$.

Use Theorem 7 in section 1.7 to explain why the columns of the matrix A are linearly independent.

$A = \left( {\begin{aligned}{*{20}{c}}1&0&0&0\\2&5&0&0\\3&6&8&0\\4&7&9&{10}\end{aligned}} \right)$

In Exercises 23 and 24, key statements from this section are either quoted directly, restated slightly (but still true), or altered in some way that makes them false in some cases. Mark each statement True or False, and justify your answer. (If true, give the approximate location where a similar statement appears, or refer to a deﬁnition or theorem. If false, give the location of a statement that has been quoted or used incorrectly, or cite an example that shows the statement is not true in all cases.) Similar true/false questions will appear in many sections of the text.

23.

a. Every elementary row operation is reversible.

b. A $5 \times 6$matrix has six rows.

c. The solution set of a linear system involving variables ${x_1},\,{x_2},\,{x_3},........,{x_n}$is a list of numbers $\left( {{s_1},\, {s_2},\,{s_3},........,{s_n}} \right)$ that makes each equation in the system a true statement when the values \ ({s_1},\, {s_2},\, {s_3},........,{s_n}\) are substituted for ${x_1},\,{x_2},\,{x_3},........,{x_n}$, respectively.

d. Two fundamental questions about a linear system involve existence and uniqueness.

Question: Determine whether the statements that follow are true or false, and justify your answer.

19. There exits a matrix A such that $A [\begin{matrix} - 1 \\ 2 \end{matrix}] = [\begin{matrix} 3 \\ 5 \\ 7 \end{matrix}]$ .

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