Book edition 1st Edition

Author(s) Paul Peter Urone

Pages 1272 pages

ISBN 9781938168000

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Short Answer

An RLC series circuit has a $2.50 Ω$ resistor, a $100 μ H$ inductor, and a $80.0 μ F$ capacitor. (a) Find the circuit's impedance at $120 H z$ . (b) Find the circuit's impedance at $5.00 k H z$ . (c) If the voltage source has $V_{r m s} = 5.60 V$ , what is $I_{r m s}$ at each frequency? (d) What is the resonant frequency of the circuit? (e) What is $I_{r m s}$ at resonance?

The circuit's impedance at $120 H z$ is $16.7 Ω$ .
The circuit's impedance at $5 k H z$ is $3.7 Ω$ .
The $I_{r m s}$ at 120 Hz is 0.335 A and at 5 kHz is $1.51 A$ .
The resonant frequency of the circuit is 1780 Hz .
The $I_{r m s}$ at resonance frequency is $2.24 A$

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Step by Step Solution

TABLE OF CONTENTS :

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Step 1: Definition of capacitor

A capacitor is a two-terminal electrical component that may store energy in the form of an electric charge. It is made up of two electrical wires separated by a certain distance. The space between the conductors can be filled with vacuum or a dielectric, which is an insulating substance.

Step 2: Given data

The resistance of the RLC circuit is $R = 2.50 Ω$

The capacitance of the RLC circuit is $C = 80.0 μ F (\frac{10^{- 6} F}{1 μ F}) = 8.00 \times 10^{- 5} F$

The inductance of the RLC circuit is $L = 100 μ H (\frac{10^{- 6} H}{1 μ H}) = 1.00 \times 10^{- 4} H$

Step 3: Write the formula for the capacitor

The reactance of an RLC circuit can be expressed as,

$Z = \sqrt{R^{2} + {(X_{L} - X_{C})}^{2}}$ ………………(1)

This means we'll need to figure out the capacitor and inductor's active resistances, which can be given as,

$X_{C} = \frac{1}{2 π f C}$ ………………….(2)

$X_{L} = 2 π f L$ …………………..(3)

Step 4: Calculate the circuit's impedance(a)

We have $f_{1} = 120 H z$ , therefore substituting the given data in equations (2) and (3), we get,

$X_{C} = \frac{1}{2 π \times 120 H z \times 8.00 \times 10^{- 5} F} = 16.6 Ω X_{L} = 2 π \times 120 H z \times 1.00 \times 10^{- 4} H = 0.075 Ω$

Now, we use the above-obtained values of X_C and X_L in equation (3), and we get

$Z = \sqrt{{(2.5 Ω)}^{2} + {(0.075 Ω - 16.6 Ω)}^{2}} = 16.7 Ω$

Therefore, the circuit's impedance at 120 Hz is $16.7 Ω$ .

Step 5: Find the circuit's impedance(b)

We have $f_{2} = 5 k H z (\frac{10^{3} H z}{1 k H z}) = 5 \times 10^{3} H z$ , therefore substituting the given data in equations (2) and (3), we get,

$X_{C} = \frac{1}{2 π \times 5 \times 10^{3} H z \times 8.00 \times 10^{- 5} F} = 0.4 Ω X_{L} = 2 π \times 5 \times 10^{3} H z \times 1.00 \times 10^{- 4} H = 3.14 Ω$

Now, we use the above-obtained values of X_C and X_L in equation (3), and we get

$Z = \sqrt{{(2.5 Ω)}^{2} + {(3.14 Ω - 0.4 Ω)}^{2}} = 3.7 Ω$

Therefore, the circuit's impedance at 5 kHz is $3.7 Ω$ .

Step 6: Find at each frequency(c)

According to Ohm's law, the root-mean-square intensity may be calculated using the reactance and the rms potential difference such that,

$I_{r m s} = \frac{V_{r m s}}{Z}$ …………….(4)

For the frequency 120 Hz , the value of impedance is $Z = 16.7 Ω$ , therefore

$I_{r m s} = \frac{5.6 V}{16.7 Ω} = 0.335 A$

For the frequency 5 kHz , the value of impedance is $Z = 3.7 Ω$ , therefore

$I_{r m s} = \frac{5.6 V}{3.7 Ω} = 1.52 A$

Therefore, the $I_{r m s}$ at 120 Hz is 0.335 A and at 5 kHz is 1.51 A .

Step 7: Find the resonant frequency of the circuit(d)

The resonant frequency can be calculated using the expression,

$f_{0} = \frac{1}{2 π \sqrt{L C}}$ ……………(5)

That indicates that in our case, the end outcome will be

$f_{0} = \frac{1}{2 π \sqrt{(1.00 \times 10^{- 4} H) \times (8.00 \times 10^{- 5} F)}} = 1780 H z$

Therefore, the resonant frequency of the circuit is 1780 Hz .

Step 8: Find at the resonance frequency(e)

Remember that the resonant frequency occurs when the capacitor and inductor reactance are equal. If we look at the total reactance formula, this suggests that our resistance will be the same as the resistor. To put it another way, the rms current will be,

$I_{r m s} = \frac{5.6 V}{2.5 Ω} = 2.24 A$

Therefore, the $I_{r m s}$ at resonance is $2.24 A$ .

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College Physics (Urone)

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Short Answer

Step by Step Solution

Step 1: Definition of capacitor

Step 2: Given data

Step 3: Write the formula for the capacitor

Step 4: Calculate the circuit's impedance(a)

Step 5: Find the circuit's impedance(b)

Step 6: Find at each frequency(c)

Step 7: Find the resonant frequency of the circuit(d)

Step 8: Find at the resonance frequency(e)

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College Physics (Urone)

Answers without the blur.

Short Answer

Step by Step Solution

Step 1: Definition of capacitor

Step 2: Given data

Step 3: Write the formula for the capacitor

Step 4: Calculate the circuit's impedance(a)

Step 5: Find the circuit's impedance(b)

Step 6: Find at each frequency(c)

Step 7: Find the resonant frequency of the circuit(d)

Step 8: Find at the resonance frequency(e)

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