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Chapter 9: Center of Mass and Linear Momentum

Expert-verified
Fundamentals Of Physics
Pages: 214 - 256
Fundamentals Of Physics

Fundamentals Of Physics

Book edition 10th Edition
Author(s) David Halliday
Pages 1328 pages
ISBN 9781118230718

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139 Questions for Chapter 9: Center of Mass and Linear Momentum

  1. In a game of pool, the cue ball strikes another ball of the same mass and initially at rest. After the collision, the cue ball moves at 3.50 m/s along a line making an angle of22.0° 2 with the cue ball’s original direction of motion, and the second ball has a speed of 2.00m/s. Find (a) the angle between the direction of motion of the second ball and the original direction of motion of the cue ball and (b) the original speed of the cue ball. (c) Is kinetic energy (of the centers of mass, don’t consider the rotation) conserved?

    Found on Page 255

  2. In Fig. 9-78, a3.2 kgbox of running shoes slides on a horizontal frictionless table and collides with a 2.0 kg box of ballet slippers initially at rest on the edge of the table, at height h = 0.40 mThe speed of the 3.2 kg box is 3.0 m/sjust before the collision. If the two boxes stick together because of packing tape on their sides, what is their kinetic energy just before they strike the floor?

    Found on Page 255

  3. In Fig. 9-79, an 80 kgman is on a ladder hanging from a balloon that has a total mass of 320 kg(including the basket passenger). The balloon is initially stationary relative to the ground. If the man on the ladder begins to climb at 2.5m/srelative to the ladder, (a) in what direction and (b) at what speed does the balloon move? (c) If the man then stops climbing, what is the speed of the balloon?

    Found on Page 255

  4. In Fig. 9-80, block 1 of massm1=6.6kgis at rest on a long frictionless table that is up against a wall. Block 2 of massm2is placed between block 1 and the wall and sent sliding to the left, toward block 1, with constant speed v2i . Find the value ofm2for which both blocks move with the same velocity after block 2 has collided once with block 1 and once with the wall. Assume all collisions are elastic (the collision with the wall does not change the speed of block 2).

    Found on Page 255

  5. The script for an action movie calls for a small race car (of mass 1500 Kgand length 3.0 m ) to accelerate along a flattop boat (of mass 4000 kgand length 14 m), from one end of the boat to the other, where the car will then jump the gap between the boat and a somewhat lower dock. You are the technical advisor for the movie. The boat will initially touch the dock, as in Fig. 9-81; the boat can slide through the water without significant resistance; both the car and the boat can be approximated as uniform in their mass distribution. Determine what the width of the gap will be just as the car is about to make the jump.

    Found on Page 255

  6. A 3.0 kg object moving at 8.0 m/sin the positive direction of an xaxis has a one-dimensional elastic collision with an object of mass M, initially at rest. After the collision the object of mass Mhas a velocity of6.0 m/sin the positive direction of the axis. What is mass M?

    Found on Page 255

  7. A 2140 kgrailroad flatcar, which can move with negligible friction, is motionless next to a platform. A 242 kgsumo wrestler runs at 5.3 m/salong the platform (parallel to the track) and then jumps onto the flatcar. What is the speed of the flatcar if he then (a) stands on it, (b) runs at 5.3 m/s relative to it in his original direction, and (c) turns and runs at 5.3 m/s relative to the flatcar opposite his original direction?

    Found on Page 255

  8. A 6100 kgrocket is set for vertical firing from the ground. If the exhaust speed is 1200 m/s, how much gas must be ejected each second if the thrust (a) is to equal the magnitude of the gravitational force on the rocket and (b) is to give the rocket an initial upward acceleration of 21m/s2?

    Found on Page 255

  9. A 500.0 kg module is attached to a 400.0 kg shuttle craft, which moves at 1000ms relative to the stationary main spaceship. Then a small explosion sends the module backward with speed 100.0ms relative to the new speed of the shuttle craft. As measured by someone on the main spaceship, by what fraction did the kinetic energy of the module and shuttle craft increase because of the explosion?

    Found on Page 255

  10. (a) How far is the center of mass of the Earth–Moon system from the center of Earth? (Appendix C gives the masses of Earth and the Moon and the distance between the two.) (b) What percentage of Earth’s radius is that distance?

    Found on Page 255

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