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Chapter 8: Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy

Expert-verified
Fundamentals Of Physics
Pages: 177 - 213
Fundamentals Of Physics

Fundamentals Of Physics

Book edition 10th Edition
Author(s) David Halliday
Pages 1328 pages
ISBN 9781118230718

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140 Questions for Chapter 8: Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy

  1. A swimmer moves through the water at an average speed of 0.22 m/s. The average drag force is 110 N. What average power is required of the swimmer?

    Found on Page 211

  2. A 0.63 kg ball thrown directly upward with an initial speed of 14 m/s reaches a maximum height of 8.1 m . What is the change in the mechanical energy of the ball–Earth system during the ascent of the ball to that maximum height?

    Found on Page 211

  3. The summit of Mount Everest is 8850 mabove sea level. (a) How much energy would a 90 kgclimber expand against the gravitational force on him in climbing to the summit from sea level? (b) How many candy bars, at 1.25 MJper bar, would supply an energy equivalent to this? Your answer should suggest that work done against the gravitational force is a very small part of the energy expended in climbing a mountain.

    Found on Page 211

  4. A sprinter who weighs670 Nruns the first 7.0 mof a race in1.6 s, starting from rest and accelerating uniformly. What are the sprinter’s

    Found on Page 211

  5. A 20 kg0object is acted on by a conservative force given by F=-3.0x-5.0x2, with Fin newton and x in meters. Take the potential energy associated with the force to be zero when the object is at x=0. (a) What is the potential energy of the system associated with the force when the object is at x=2.0 m? (b) If the object has a velocity of 4.0 m/sin the negative direction of the x-axis when it is at x=5.00 m, what is its speed when it passes through the origin? (c) What are the answers to (a) and (b) if the potential energy of the system is taken to be -8.0 Jwhen the object is at x=0?

    Found on Page 211

  6. A machine pulls a 40 kgtrunk 2.0 mup a40°ramp at a constant velocity, with the machine’s force on the trunk directed parallel to the ramp. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the trunk and the ramp is 0.40. What are (a) the work done on the trunk by the machine’s force and (b) the increase in thermal energy of the trunk and the ramp?

    Found on Page 211

  7. The spring in the muzzle of a child’s spring gun has a spring constant of 700 N/m. To shoot a ball from the gun, first, the spring is compressed and then the ball is placed on it. The gun’s trigger then releases the spring, which pushes the ball through the muzzle. The ball leaves the spring just as it leaves the outer end of the muzzle. When the gun is inclined upward by 30oto the horizontal, a 57 gball is shot to a maximum height of 1.83 mabove the gun’s muzzle. Assume air drag on the ball is negligible. (a) At what speed does the spring launch the ball? (b) Assuming that friction on the ball within the gun can be neglected, find the spring’s initial compression distance.

    Found on Page 211

  8. The only force acting on a particle is conservative force F→. If the particle is at point A, the potential energy of the system associated with F→and the particle is 40 J. If the particle moves from point A to point B, the work done on the particle F→by is +25 J . What is the potential energy of the system with the particle at B?

    Found on Page 211

  9. In 1981, Daniel Goodwin climbed 443 m up the exteriorof the Sears Building in Chicago using suction cups and metal clips.

    Found on Page 211

  10. A60.0 kgcircus performer slides4.00 mdown a pole to the circus floor, starting from rest.

    Found on Page 211

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