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Chapter 3: Waves and Particles I: Electromagnetic Radiation Behaving as Particles

Expert-verified
Modern Physics
Pages: 73 - 96
Modern Physics

Modern Physics

Book edition 2nd Edition
Author(s) Randy Harris
Pages 633 pages
ISBN 9780805303087

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54 Questions for Chapter 3: Waves and Particles I: Electromagnetic Radiation Behaving as Particles

  1. Consider two separate objects of unequal temperature. What would you do with them and what would have to happen thereafter to enable them to reach the same common temperature? Use this idea to explain why the electromagnetic radiation enclosed in a cavity has a temperature that is the same as that of the cavity walls.

    Found on Page 92

  2. The charge on a piece of metal can be "watched" fairly easily by connecting it to an electroscope, a device with thin leaves that repel when a net charge is present You place a large excess negative charge on a piece of metal, then separately shine light source of two pure but different colors at it. The first source is extremely bright, but the electroscope shows no change in the net change. The second source is feeble, but the charge disappears. Appealing to as few fundamental claims as possible, explain to your friend what evidence this provides for the particle nature of light.

    Found on Page 92

  3. You are conducting a photoelectric effect experiment by shining a light of 500 nmwavelength at a piece of metal and determining the stopping potential. If, unbeknownst to you, your 500 nm source actually contained a small amount of ultraviolet light, would it throw off your results by a small amount, or by quite a bit? Explain.

    Found on Page 92

  4. Suppose we produce X-rays not by smashing electrons into targets but by smashing protons, which are far more massive. If the same accelerating potential difference were used for both, how would the cut off wavelengths of the two X-ray spectra compare? Explain.

    Found on Page 92

  5. An isolated atom can emit a photon and the atom's internal energy drops. In fact, the process has a name:spontaneous emission. Can an isolated electron emit a photon? Why or why not?

    Found on Page 92

  6. We analyze the photoelectric effect using photon energy alone. Why isn't the photon momentum a consideration? (It may help to reread the discussion of momentum and energy in connection with pair production.)

    Found on Page 92

  7. A ball rebounds elastically from the floor. What doesthis situation share with the ideas of momentum conservation discussed in connection with pair production?

    Found on Page 92

  8. A coherent beam of light strikes a single slit and produces a spread-out diffraction pattern beyond. The number of photons detected per unit time a detector in the very center of the pattern isX. Now two more slits are opened nearby, the same width as the original. equally spaced on either side of it, and equally well. illuminated by the beam. How many photons will be detected per unit time at the center detector now: Why?

    Found on Page 92

  9. For small z , ez is approximately 1+z. (a) Use this to show that Planck's spectral energy density (3-1) agrees with the result of classical wave theory in the limit of small frequencies. (b) Show that, whereas the classical formula diverges at high frequencies-the so-called ultraviolet catastrophe of this theory - Planck's formula approaches 0.

    Found on Page 93

  10. At what wavelength does the human body emit the maximum electromagnetic radiation? Use Wien's law from Exercise 14 and assume a skin temperature of70∘F

    Found on Page 93

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