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Chapter 8: Conservation of Energy

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Physics For Scientists & Engineers
Pages: 211 - 246
Physics For Scientists & Engineers

Physics For Scientists & Engineers

Book edition 9th Edition
Author(s) Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Pages 1624 pages
ISBN 9781133947271

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Illustration

82 Questions for Chapter 8: Conservation of Energy

  1. In Chapter 7, the work–kinetic energy theorem, W=DK, was introduced. This equation states that work done on a system appears as a change in kinetic energy. It is a special-case equation, valid if there are no changes in any other type of energy such as potential or internal. Give two or three examples in which work is done on a system but the change in energy of the system is not a change in kinetic energy.

    Found on Page 211

  2. At 11:00 a.m. on September 7, 2001, more than one million British schoolchildren jumped up and down for one minute to simulate an earthquake.

    Found on Page 211

  3. A certain uniform spring has spring constant. Now the spring is cut in half. What is the relationship between andthe spring constant of each resulting smaller spring? Explain your reasoning.

    Found on Page 211

  4. The system shown in Figure P8.11 consists of a light, inextensible cord, light, frictionless pulleys, and blocks of equal mass. Notice that block B is attached to one of the pulleys. The system is initially held at rest so that the blocks are at the same height above the ground. The blocks are then released. Find the speed of block A at the moment the vertical separation of the blocks is.

    Found on Page 211

  5. What shape would the graph of versus have if a particle were in a region of neutral equilibrium?

    Found on Page 211

  6. Does the kinetic energy of an object depend on the frame of reference in which its motion is measured? Provide an example to prove this point.

    Found on Page 211

  7. Cite two examples in which a force is exerted on an object without doing any work on the object.

    Found on Page 211

  8. A crate of mass is pulled up a rough incline with an initial speed of . The pulling force is parallel to the incline, which makes an angle of with the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction is , and the crate is pulled . (a) How much work is done by the gravitational force on the crate? (b) Determine the increase in internal energy of the crate–incline system owing to friction. (c) How much work is done by the force on the crate? (d) What is the change in kinetic energy of the crate? (e) What is the speed of the crate after beingpulled?

    Found on Page 237

  9. A box initially at rest is pushed along a rough, horizontal floor with a constant applied horizontal force of.The coefficient of friction between box and floor is . Find (a) the work done by the applied force, (b) the increase in internal energy in the box–floor system as a result of friction, (c) the work done by the normal force, (d) the work done by the gravitational force, (e) the change in kinetic energy of the box, and (f) the final speed of the box.

    Found on Page 237

  10. An 80.0kg skydiver jumps out of a balloon at an altitude of 1 000 m and opens his parachute at an altitude of 200 m. (a) Assuming the total retarding force on the skydiver is constant at 50.0 N with the parachute closed and constant at with the parachute open, find the speed of the skydiver when he lands on the ground. (b) Do you think the skydiver will be injured? Explain. (c) At what height should the parachute be opened so that the final speed of the skydiver when he hits the ground is 5.00 m/s? (d) How realistic is the assumption that the total retarding force is constant? Explain.

    Found on Page 211

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