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Physics For Scientists & Engineers
Found in: Page 472
Physics For Scientists & Engineers

Physics For Scientists & Engineers

Book edition 9th Edition
Author(s) Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Pages 1624 pages
ISBN 9781133947271

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Illustration

Short Answer

A block with mass m = 0.1 kg oscillates with amplitude A = 0.1 m at the end of a spring with force constant k = 10 N/m on a frictionless, horizontal surface. Rank the periods of the following situations from greatest to smallest. If any periods are equal, show their equality in your ranking. (a) The system is as described above. (b) The system is as described in situation (a) except the amplitude is 0.2 m. (c) The situation is as described in situation (a) except the mass is 0.2 kg. (d) The situation is as described in situation (a) except the spring has force constant 20 N/m. (e) a small resistive force makes the motion under damped.

The ranking is c>e>a=b>d.

See the step by step solution

Step by Step Solution

TABLE OF CONTENTS :
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Step 1: Position and initial velocity of the particle

T=2πmk

T=Tension in the string

k=Spring constant

m=Mass of object

Step 2: Show their equality in your ranking

  • The ranking isc>e>a=b>d. The amplitude does not affect the period in simple harmonic motion; neither do constant forces that offset the equilibrium position. Thus (a) and (b) have equal periods.
  • The period is proportional to the square root of mass divided by spring constant. So (c), with larger mass, has a larger period than (a).
  • And (d) with greater stiffness has smaller period. In situation (e) the motion is not quite simple harmonic, but has slightly smaller angular frequency and so a slightly longer period.

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