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Physics For Scientists & Engineers
Found in: Page 137
Physics For Scientists & Engineers

Physics For Scientists & Engineers

Book edition 9th Edition
Author(s) Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Pages 1624 pages
ISBN 9781133947271

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Short Answer

Question: A crate remains stationary after it has been placed on a ramp inclined at an angle with the horizontal. Which of the following statements is or are correct about the magnitude of the friction force that acts on the crate? Choose all that are true. (a) It is larger than the weight of the crate. (b) It is equal to μ,n. (c) It is greater than the component of the gravitational force acting down the ramp. (d) It is equal to the component of the gravitational force acting down the ramp. (e) It is less than the component of the gravitational force acting down the ramp.

The correct option is (d): It is equal to the component of the gravitational force acting down the ramp.

See the step by step solution

Step by Step Solution

TABLE OF CONTENTS :
TABLE OF CONTENTS

 Step 1: Definition of frictional force

The frictional force is the force that opposes the motion between two objects in surface contact.

The equation to calculate the frictional force is as follows:

fk=μsn

Here, μs is the coefficient of the kinetic friction, and nis the normal force.

Step 2: Determine the correct statements

Consider the free-body diagram of the crate, placed on the ramp at an angle with the horizontal plane.

Since the crate is stationary on the ramp, the net vertical and horizontal forces are zero.

Consider the forces in the horizontal plane.

∑Fx=0mgsinθ-f=0f=mgsinθ

The frictional force is equal to the component of the gravitational force acting downward on the ramp.

Hence, the frictional force must be equal to the component of the gravitational force acting down the ramp.

Most popular questions for Physics Textbooks

Question: If an object is in equilibrium, which of the following statements is not true? (a) The speed of the object remains constant. (b) The acceleration of the object is zero. (c) The net force acting on the object is zero. (d) The object must be at rest. (e) There are at least two forces acting on the object.

A rubber ball is dropped onto the floor. What force causes the ball to bounce?

A car is moving forward slowly and is spending up. A student claims that “the car’s engine exerts a force on itself” or that “the car’s engine exerts a force on the car.”

(a) Argue that this idea cannot be accurate and that friction exerted by the road is the propulsive force on the car. Make your evidence and reasoning as persuasive as possible.

(b) Is it static or kinetic friction?

Suggestion: Consider light gravel. Consider a sharp print of the tire tread on an asphalt road, obtained by coating the thread with dust.

Question: A flat cushion of mass m is released from rest at the corner of the roof of a building, at height h. A wind blowing along the side of the building exerts a constant horizontal force of magnitude Fon the cushion as it drops as shown in Figure P5.91. The air exerts no vertical force. (a) Show that the path of the cushion is a straight line. (b) Does the cushion fall with constant velocity? Explain. (c) If m=1.20 kg, h=8.0 m, and F=2.40 N, how far from the building will the cushion hit the level ground? What If? (d) If the cushion is thrown downward with a nonzero speed at the top of the building, what will be the shape of its trajectory? Explain.

Question: Objects with masses m1=10.0 kg and m2=5.0 kg are connected by a light string that passes over a frictionless pulley as in Figure P5.40. If, when the system starts from rest, m2falls 1.00 m in 1.20 s, determine the coefficient of kinetic friction between m1and the table.
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