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Physics Principles with Applications
Found in: Page 412
Physics Principles with Applications

Physics Principles with Applications

Book edition 7th
Author(s) Douglas C. Giancoli
Pages 978 pages
ISBN 978-0321625922

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Short Answer

Question:Suppose a lot of papers are strewn all over the floor; then you stack them neatly. Does this violate the second law of thermodynamics? Explain.

It doesn’t violate the second law of thermodynamics.

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Step by Step Solution

TABLE OF CONTENTS :
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Step 1: Understanding the second law of thermodynamics 

According to the second law of thermodynamics, a particular system’s net entropy rises or remains steady in any natural thermodynamic process.

Step 2: Explaining whether collecting a lot of papers strewn all over the floor violate the second law of thermodynamics 

When many papers strewn all over the floor are collected and stacked neatly, some outside source is used to improve the order of the papers. In this case, energy is provided in completing the process, and in doing so, the person’s entropy becomes more than the entropy of the papers.

Hence, the increase in overall entropy satisfies the second law of thermodynamics.

Most popular questions for Physics Textbooks

An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic expansion, a process in which no heat flows into or out of the gas. As a result,

(a) the temperature of the gas remains constant and the pressure decreases.

(b) both the temperature and pressure of the gas decrease.

(c) the temperature of the gas decreases and the pressure increases.

(d) both the temperature and volume of the gas increase.

(e) both the temperature and pressure of the gas increase

(II) Water is stored in an artificial lake created by a dam (Fig. 15–27). The water depth is 48 m at the dam, and a steady flow rate of \({\bf{32}}\;{{\bf{m}}{\bf{3}}}{\bf{/s}}\) is maintained through hydroelectric turbines installed near the base of the dam. How much electrical power can be produced?

FIGURE 15-27 Problem 55

Can you warm a kitchen in winter by leaving the oven door open? Can you cool the kitchen on a hot summer day by leaving the refrigerator door open? Explain.

(I) An ideal gas expands isothermally, performing\({\bf{4}}{\bf{.30 \times 1}}{{\bf{0}}^{\bf{3}}}\;{\bf{J}}\) of work in the process. Calculate (a) the change in internal energy of the gas, and (b) the heat absorbed during this expansion.

Question: (II) Use the conservation of energy to explain why the temperature of a well-insulated gas increases when it is compressed—say, by pushing down on a piston—whereas the temperature decreases when the gas expands. Show your reasoning.
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